Which term refers to the artistic movement reacting against classicism, focusing on individual expression?

The correct choice is Romanticism, which is an artistic movement that emerged in the late 18th century as a response to the Enlightenment and the strict reasoning associated with classicism. Romanticism emphasized emotion, individualism, and the glorification of nature and the past. It was characterized by a focus on personal expression and the exploration of the human experience, including themes of beauty, love, and the sublime.

This movement sought to break free from the confines of classical ideals, embracing spontaneity and the emotional depth of the artist. Romantic artists and writers expressed their feelings, thoughts, and experiences, often highlighting the importance of nature and the individual's perspective in their works. This reaction against the structured formality of classicism allowed for greater creativity and a more subjective interpretation of art and literature.

While other terms relate to important movements in art history, they do not encapsulate the same focus on individual expression in the way that Romanticism does. Modernism, for instance, is associated with the early 20th century and explores a different set of ideas about innovation and technological change. Impressionism centers on capturing light and momentary impressions rather than deep emotional expression. Baroque, meanwhile, involves a different historical and stylistic approach, characterized by dramatic express