Which term refers to the fascination with foreign lands and cultures in 19th-century music?

The term that refers to the fascination with foreign lands and cultures in 19th-century music is exoticism. This concept is characterized by composers incorporating elements from different cultures into their music, often aiming to evoke a sense of mystery or allure associated with those foreign traditions. Composers harnessed musical styles, instruments, and themes from various nations to create a vivid and imaginative representation of "otherness." This fascination often reflected broader social and artistic movements during the Romantic era, where there was a growing interest in individual expression and the emotional resonance of art.

By incorporating these exotic elements, composers sought to transport their audiences to distant and unfamiliar worlds, thereby enhancing the emotional experience of their works. The use of exoticism became a significant trend in the music of that period, influencing many prominent composers and resulting in landmark pieces that still resonate today.