What term describes the speech-like, declamatory style of singing supported by an instrumental ensemble?

The term that describes the speech-like, declamatory style of singing supported by an instrumental ensemble is indeed recitativo accompagnato. This form of singing is characterized by a narrative style that uses a free and expressive rhythm, closely resembling natural speech. The instrumental ensemble plays a supportive role, providing harmonic and contextual background to the vocal line, which allows for dramatic expression and storytelling within the music.

Recitativo accompagnato typically features a more elaborated instrumental accompaniment compared to recitativo secco, which relies mostly on simple continuo chords. This elaboration enhances the emotional depth and urgency of the text, making it suitable for important moments in operas or oratorios where the plot needs to advance or where character emotions are conveyed more vividly.

The other terms refer to different aspects of singing. An aria is a solo vocal piece with a more structured form and is often more lyrical, focusing less on speech-like delivery. Word painting refers to the musical technique of making the music reflect the literal meaning of the lyrics, while a de capo aria is a specific form of aria that has a repeated section, typically following an ABA structure, emphasizing a contrast in mood or character development.